In a scenario where performance is critical, which language (Java or Python) is better at detecting and handling type errors?

From a performance perspective, Java's compile-time type error detection is generally advantageous. Because type errors are caught during compilation, the program doesn't waste time and resources on execution only to crash due to a type mismatch. While Python's runtime type error detection is more flexible, it can introduce performance overhead due to the exception handling mechanisms. Java's upfront validation usually results in a more efficient runtime environment.