What is a reverse proxy, and how does it relate to 502 errors?

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Grade: Education Subject: Support
What is a reverse proxy, and how does it relate to 502 errors?
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A reverse proxy sits in front of one or more backend servers. It receives client requests and forwards them to the appropriate server. If the reverse proxy can't reach the backend server or receives an invalid response, it returns a 502 Bad Gateway error to the client. Troubleshooting often involves checking the reverse proxy's configuration and health.