How can I diagnose the specific reason for error code 1030 with error 100 in InnoDB?

To diagnose the specific reason, you should check the MySQL error log for more detailed messages. Also, examine the operating system's system logs (e.g., `/var/log/syslog` on Linux) for any disk-related errors or permission issues. Checking disk space is also crucial. You might need to use InnoDB-specific diagnostic tools if the issue persists.